From the wikipedia page: "In addition to increasing height in children and adolescents, growth hormone has many other effects on the body: - Increases calcium retention, and strengthens and increases the mineralization of bone - Increases muscle mass through sarcomere hypertrophy - Promotes lipolysis - Increases protein synthesis - Stimulates the growth of all internal organs excluding the brain - Plays a role in homeostasis - Reduces liver uptake of glucose - Promotes gluconeogenesis in the liver - Contributes to the maintenance and function of pancreatic islets - Stimulates the immune system"