This articles says that inkjet ink "frequently uses pigment, not dye," but my understanding is that most inkjet inks are actually dye-based, and that you have to somewhat go out of your way to find pigment-based ones (and they cost more).
The latter are usually recommended for archival printing purposes (e.g. Epson's "Dura Brite" inks), because they are less likely to fade over time and are better bonded with the paper (and actually have particles that can bond with the paper).
I've had good luck with De Atramentis Document Ink. Dries very quickly, won't smear when I set my beer can^W^W coffee cup down on it. I have been using it for years, and it hasn't screwed up my pen.
I don't know if it is as safe on fine pens as the article would want, but since I use it in a $30 Lamy, I'm not too concerned.
Diamine Registrar Ink is another option. It writes blue then it fades to gray. Some Noodler's (US) inks are resistant to a wide range of solvents as well.
Rohrer und Klingner Dokumentus ink works great too, it's certified to withstand water, organic solvents, bleach, acids and the lot. It bonds with cellulose, but it won't stick to your fingers!
I've found it depends on how soon you want it to be waterproof: I've had ink run when it's got wet within a few weeks of being written, but the exact same ink on the exact same paper (Watermans in a Moleskine) has not smudged a bit when getting damp two years after being written.
Not that there aren't inks that are liable to be much better than that, sooner. But really, if an ink is to flow through the pen, and not have it clog things, I reckon it's unlikely to ever be able to be completely waterproof right after being put on the paper. Unlike a 10¢ ballpoint pen with oil-based ink! :(
Seriously though, I can't find any information for that online. The first Google result is Impact Wholesale, which redirects to some very invasive ads. Impact printers on the other hand are printers that mark dots on the paper using a needle, so no ink is applied.
For HP, the separation is made at product level. Both consumer and office ink jets have pigmented blacks, but consumer color cartridges are generally dye-based while officejet inkjets and professional printing machines use pigment based color inks.
Specification page for cartridges generally gives pigment/dye information.
There's a fair number of inkjets that use a 5-cartridge system. There's the usual cymk, but then there's an additional pigment black cartridge. Cheap ink to print photos, more expensive ink to print text. Works great in my experience.
The latter are usually recommended for archival printing purposes (e.g. Epson's "Dura Brite" inks), because they are less likely to fade over time and are better bonded with the paper (and actually have particles that can bond with the paper).